Stature estimation for Sichuan Han nationality female based on X-ray technology with measurement of lumbar vertebrae / 法医学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To establish the mathematical models of stature estimation for Sichuan Han female with measurement of lumbar vertebrae by X-ray to provide essential data for forensic anthropology research.@*METHODS@#The samples, 206 Sichuan Han females, were divided into three groups including group A, B and C according to the ages. Group A (206 samples) consisted of all ages, group B (116 samples) were 20-45 years old and 90 samples over 45 years old were group C. All the samples were examined lumbar vertebrae through CR technology, including the parameters of five centrums (L1-L5) as anterior border, posterior border and central heights (x1-x15), total central height of lumbar spine (x16), and the real height of every sample. The linear regression analysis was produced using the parameters to establish the mathematical models of stature estimation. Sixty-two trained subjects were tested to verify the accuracy of the mathematical models.@*RESULTS@#The established mathematical models by hypothesis test of linear regression equation model were statistically significant (P<0.05). The standard errors of the equation were 2.982-5.004 cm, while correlation coefficients were 0.370-0.779 and multiple correlation coefficients were 0.533-0.834. The return tests of the highest correlation coefficient and multiple correlation coefficient of each group showed that the highest accuracy of the multiple regression equation, y = 100.33 + 1.489 x3 - 0.548 x6 + 0.772 x9 + 0.058 x12 + 0.645 x15, in group A were 80.6% (+/- lSE) and 100% (+/- 2SE).@*CONCLUSION@#The established mathematical models in this study could be applied for the stature estimation for Sichuan Han females.

Skeletal age estimation by pelvic X-ray of Han teenagers in Sichuan / 法医学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To estimate the chronological age of Han teenagers in Sichuan by the epiphyses development characteristics of iliac crest and ischial tuberosity in X-ray digital images.@*METHODS@#According to TW2 classification principle, combining with the age range of our subjects and epiphyses development regularity, the degree of epiphyses development of iliac crest and ischial tuberosity had been divided into 8 grades (0-7) and 7 grades (0-6), respectively. Based on the degrees, the pelvic X-rays digital images of 691 samples of 16-20 aged teenagers were read and statistically analyzed by SPSS 19.0 software. The multiple linear regression equation was established by skeletal age (Y), development degree of iliac crest epiphyses (X1) and ischial tuberosity epiphyses (X2).@*RESULTS@#There were no statistical differences between two sides of epiphyses development of iliac crest and ischial tuberosity (P>0.05). There were no statistical difference between genders (P>0.05). The re-substitution method of the samples showed that the accuracy of equation as Y=15.269+0.444X1+0.236 X2 was high. The result of the re-substitution method showed a high accuracy of the equation.@*CONCLUSION@#The multiple linear regression equation could be used to identify the skeletal age for providing the scientific basis to identify the 18-year-old Han population in Sichuan.

Skeletal age estimation of sternal end of clavicle in Sichuan Han nationality youth using thin-section computed tomography / 法医学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To explore the growth status of epiphysis of sternal end of clavicle using thin-section computed tomography (CT) and to study the relationship between the status and the chronological age of Sichuan Han nationality youth.@*METHODS@#According to the Schmeling's report and the age range of our samples, the ossification status of medial clavicle epiphysis was classified as four stages. CT films of 565 patients between 15 and 25 years were studied based on the classification and analyzed statistically.@*RESULTS@#There was no statistical difference between the sexes (P > 0.05). The calculated empiric distribution function showed that 100% of stage 1 patients were under 18 years, 75% of stage 2 patients were under 18 years, 94.5% of stage 3 patients were over 18 years, and 100% of the stage 4 patients were over 20 years, respectively.@*CONCLUSION@#The ossification of medial epiphysis of the clavicle for those around 18 years has certain regular. These characteristics can be used for forensic identification of the skeletal age, especially 18 years, which is the criminal responsibility age.